Introduction Maintaining normal spinal movement patterns during the developmental stage requires an adequate range of motion (ROM). The individual vertebra’s shape changes during growth and maturation, leading to changes in posture and mobility in the mature spine. Understanding patterns of change across the adult lifespan and the proposed reasons for these changes is essential for…
Introduction Intertrochanteric fractures are those that occur between the greater and lesser trochanters of the proximal femur outside the capsule. The dense trabecular bone that makes up the intertrochanteric portion of the femur is situated between the greater and lesser trochanters. The greater trochanter is where the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, obturator internus, and piriformis…
Introduction Gout is an inflammatory disease that causes joint pain and swelling, usually in flares that last a week or two before resolving. Gout flares typically start in your big toe or lower leg. Gout develops when excessive amounts of urate accumulate in your body over time, resulting in needle-shaped crystals in and around the joint….
What is Lumbar Spondylosis? Lumbar spondylosis is a degenerative condition affecting the discs, vertebrae, and associated facet joints in the lower portion of the spine called the lumbar region. Specifically, it involves wear and tear damage and abnormalities related to the lumbar spinal discs. The intervertebral discs act as shock absorbers between the vertebrae and…
What is Chest Physical Therapy? Chest Physical Therapy (CPT) is a therapeutic approach aimed at improving respiratory function and clearing mucus from the airways in individuals with respiratory conditions such as cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or bronchiectasis. It typically involves a combination of techniques including percussion, vibration, postural drainage, and breathing exercises,…
What is Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. Healthcare providers may refer to it as degenerative joint disease or OA. It occurs when the cartilage that lines your joints wears down over time, causing your bones to rub against each other as you use the affected joints. Osteoarthritis is a relatively common…
Introduction A genetic disorder called Ehlers-Danlos syndrome causes your body’s connective tissue to be weaker than it should be. It typically affects the joints and skin. Although there isn’t a cure, your doctor can help you find ways to manage your symptoms and avoid possible negative side effects. An inherited group of diseases affects mainly…
The first seven vertebrae of your spine make up your cervical spine. It supports the weight of your head, covers and protects your spinal cord, and permits a variety of head movements. This region of your spine is impacted by a number of illnesses, such as stenosis, degenerative bone and disk disease, arthritis, and neck…
What is a Herniated Disc? A herniated disc occurs when the soft, gelatinous center of an intervertebral disc ruptures out through a weak area in the tough outer layer of the disc. This inner portion then protrudes and presses against the nerves of the spine. Ruptured discs and slipped discs are other names for herniated…
Overview Anatomical variation Prime movers The primary movers for hip flexion are: Synergist The rectus femoris is a quadriceps and hip flexor muscle with two functions: hip flexion and knee extension. When both actions are happening at the same time, such as kicking a soccer ball and swinging a straight leg forward, the Rectus Femoris…
