Introduction The sciatic nerve is the largest and longest nerve in the human body, originating from the lumbar and sacral spine (L4-S3). It runs through the buttocks and down the back of the leg, supplying motor and sensory function to the lower limbs. Compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve can lead to sciatica, causing…
Introduction The inferior gluteal nerve is also a motor branch of the sacral plexus, coming from the posterior divisions of the L5, S1, and S2 anterior roots. It flows inferiorly and exits the pelvic cavity via the larger sciatic foramen while going inferiorly to the piriformis muscle. The gluteus maximus muscle receives motor innervation from…
Introduction The superior gluteal nerve, a motor branch of the sacral plexus, originates from the posterior divisions of the L4, L5, and S1 anterior roots. The superior gluteal nerve and vessels travel through the greater sciatic foramen before passing superiorly to the piriformis muscle. From there, the nerve splits into its superior and inferior branches,…
Introduction The sural nerve is a sensory nerve in the lower leg, originating from the tibial and common fibular (peroneal) nerves. It runs along the posterior aspect of the calf and provides sensation to the lateral side of the foot and ankle. The sural nerve is often used as a donor nerve for grafting procedures…
Introduction The tibial nerve is a major branch of the sciatic nerve and is part of the lumbosacral plexus. It originates from the L4-S3 spinal nerves and runs down the back of the leg. From the popliteal fossa, the tibial nerve descends into the leg’s posterior compartment. Along with the posterior tibial vessels, it travels…
