What are Superficial Reflexes? When skin or mucous membrane sensory receptors are stimulated, involuntary muscular contractions known as superficial reflexes are triggered. Because of the numerous synapses that exist between the motor and sensory neurons, they are polysynaptic. The neurons that connect the muscles to the spinal cord, known as lower motor neurons (LMNs), mediate…
A thorough physical examination of the shoulder joint is essential for accurately diagnosing these issues and developing an effective treatment plan. This examination typically includes a combination of visual inspection, palpation, and a series of specific tests designed to assess the integrity, strength, and function of the muscles, tendons, and ligaments surrounding the shoulder. What…
Overview Elbow problems can severely affect a person’s physical health and financial stability. These conditions can limit mobility, making everyday tasks challenging, and lead to substantial medical expenses. Addressing elbow disorders is crucial for maintaining overall wellness and avoiding potential long-term consequences. Elbow pain can originate in many different places, including bones, tendons, ligaments, bursae,…
What is a Range of Motion (ROM)? Range of motion (ROM) refers to the extent or limit to which a joint can be moved. It’s essentially a measure of your joint’s flexibility and how far it can move in different directions It is essential to determining and analyzing a person’s range of motion, flexibility, and…
What is Voluntary Control Grading? When voluntary control grading, one usually looks at how well the person can start, maintain, and coordinate movements in certain body areas that are impacted by spasticity or motor deficits. It offers a baseline for monitoring development or assessing the efficacy of treatment approaches and aids in assessing the degree of…
What is the Goniometer? A goniometer is an essential instrument used in several fields, including science, engineering, medicine, and meteorology. A goniometer’s principal function is to measure the angles between two or more objects. The name “goniometer” is derived from the Greek words “gonia,” which means angle, and “metron,” which means measure. The measuring of…
What is Manual Muscle Testing (MMT)? Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) is a standardized procedure used by healthcare professionals, most commonly physiotherapists, to assess muscle strength and function. It includes measuring the muscle’s force production capacity by applying a certain resistance to its range of motion. Manual muscle testing is used by several medical specialties, such…
