Introduction The abducens nerve, also known as the abducent nerve, controls the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, allowing your eye to rotate away from the centre of your body and look left or right. The 6th cranial nerve (CN VI) functions as the abducens. This nerve only has a motor function and not a…
The extensor carpi ulnaris muscle is a prominent anatomical structure located in the forearm, essential for various t is situated on the ulnar side of the forearm, running along the posterior aspect. The posterior edge of the ulna and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus are the origins of this muscle. It extends distally, inserting…
The serratus anterior muscle is a crucial anatomical structure located on the lateral aspect of the rib cage, extending from the first to ninth ribs. Often referred to as the “boxer’s muscle” due to its prominence in fighters, this muscle plays a vital role in various arm and shoulder movements, contributing significantly to upper body…
Introduction The triangular, flat scapula bone is referred to as the “shoulder blade”. It is located in the upper thoracic region on the posterior part of the rib cage. It connects the humerus at the glenohumeral joint and the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint to form the shoulder joint. The scapula is attached to 17…
The levator scapulae muscle is a key anatomical structure located in the posterior region of the neck. As its name suggests, this muscle is responsible for elevating the scapula, or shoulder blade, hence playing a crucial role in shoulder movement and stabilization. What Are Levator Scapulae Muscles? The levator scapulae can extend and laterally flex…
The pronator teres muscle is a key anatomical structure located in the forearm region of the upper limb. It plays a vital role in forearm pronation, which is the movement of turning the palm downwards or towards the posterior aspect of the forearm. This muscle is part of the superficial layer of the anterior compartment…
Introduction The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is its fifth and largest cranial nerve. Its primary function is to provide sensory innervation to the face, which is divided into three major branches. The ophthalmic (V1), maxillary (V2), and mandibular (V3) nerves are the three branches. The trigeminal ganglia, located within the Meckel’s cave of the middle…
The brachioradialis muscle is a forearm muscle that plays a significant role in both the flexion and extension of the forearm. It is located on the lateral side of the forearm, running from the distal end of the humerus (upper arm bone) down to the radius (one of the two bones of the forearm). Additionally,…
Introduction The trochlear nerve, or fourth cranial nerve (CN IV), acts as one of the ocular motor nerves that regulate eye movement. As the only cranial nerve with a dorsal outflow from the brainstem, the trochlear nerve, despite being the smallest, has the longest intracranial path. It starts in the midbrain and travels laterally and…
The sternocleidomastoid muscle, often abbreviated as SCM, is a prominent muscle located in the neck. Its name is derived from its points of origin and insertion: the sternum (sterno-), clavicle (cleido-), and mastoid process of the temporal bone (mastoid). This large, superficial muscle plays a crucial role in various head movements, including rotation, flexion, and…
