What Is Precordial Catch Syndrome? Precordial Catch Syndrome (PCS) is a benign, non-serious condition characterized by sudden, sharp chest pain that is often mistaken for a heart-related issue. It usually affects young people, teenagers, and children, and it usually feels close to the left side of the chest. While the pain can be intense and…
What is Retrocalcaneal Bursitis? Relevant Clinical Anatomy & Pathogenesis The bursae and the bone at the point of Achilles tendon insertion are conceptually so closely related that even a slight protrusion of the calcaneum will significantly raise the risk of mechanical bursa irritation. Epidemiology of Retrocalcaneal bursitis. It is more common in the general population…
Introduction Patella Alta, commonly referred to as a high-riding patella, is a condition in which the kneecap (patella) is positioned higher than its normal alignment in relation to the femur. What Is Patella Alta? The quadriceps tendon surrounds the patellofemoral joint, which is made up of the kneecap lying in a dip on the front…
Introduction A reflex is an uncontrollably stereotyped, involuntary response to a specific sensory stimulus. Every healthy individual possesses a variety of reflexes. Actually, the majority of them are innate. An impulse is dealt with by reflex arcs prior to it reaching the brain. The way the reflex reaction is shaped depends in large part on…
What’s piriformis syndrome? In piriformis syndrome, the sciatic nerve presses against the piriformis muscle, resulting in back and buttock pain and numbness. The primary symptoms of the illness are pain in the buttocks and pain that travels down the lower limb. Other symptoms include weakness, numbness, and issues with the bladder and bowel. A little…
Definition Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRs) are involuntary, automatic responses to a stimulus applied to a tendon, typically involving the muscle it is connected to. These reflexes are essential for assessing the integrity of the nervous system, particularly the motor and sensory pathways. When a typical person taps a muscular tendon vigorously, the two-neuron reflex arc…
What are Superficial Reflexes? When skin or mucous membrane sensory receptors are stimulated, involuntary muscular contractions known as superficial reflexes are triggered. Because of the numerous synapses that exist between the motor and sensory neurons, they are polysynaptic. The neurons that connect the muscles to the spinal cord, known as lower motor neurons (LMNs), mediate…
What is Shoulder-hand syndrome? Shoulder-Hand Syndrome, also known as Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) Type I, is a chronic pain condition that typically affects one of the upper limbs, such as the shoulder, arm, or hand. It usually follows an injury or surgery and is characterized by severe pain, swelling, and changes in skin color…
What is an upper cross syndrome? Upper Cross Syndrome (UCS) is a common postural imbalance that occurs when certain muscles in the upper body become tight while others weaken. This muscular imbalance leads to a forward head posture, rounded shoulders, and a hunched upper back, often associated with prolonged sitting, poor posture, and repetitive tasks….
What is an Abdominal Region? The abdominal region is anatomically divided into nine distinct areas, each serving as a reference point for identifying the location of pain, symptoms, or medical conditions. These regions are arranged in a grid pattern and are crucial in clinical assessments, diagnostic procedures, and understanding the human body’s structure. Several crucial…
