Introduction: Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD) is a condition where the intervertebral discs in the lower back gradually lose hydration and elasticity, leading to reduced cushioning between the vertebrae. This can cause pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Although it’s a natural part of aging, factors like injury, obesity, and genetics can accelerate disc degeneration. Symptoms…
What is an Ulnar Artery Thrombosis? Ulnar artery thrombosis is a condition where a blood clot forms in the ulnar artery, leading to reduced blood flow to the hand. It can result from trauma, repetitive stress (as seen in hypothenar hammer syndrome), or underlying vascular disorders. Symptoms include pain, cold intolerance, discoloration, and weakness in…
Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease that can impact the knees. A knee unloader brace can improve stability and ease pain by lessening the strain on the injured region. Customised brace is a successful nonsurgical treatment. A knee brace can help someone restore from surgery while also delaying a potential future procedure. A…
Introduction Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome (HHS) is a vascular condition caused by repeated trauma to the ulnar artery in the hypothenar region of the hand (palm side near the little finger). It commonly affects individuals who use the palm forcefully, such as mechanics, construction workers, or martial artists. Symptoms include pain, cold sensitivity, numbness, and discoloration…
What is Bronchitis? Bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchial tubes, the airways that carry air to your lungs. You cough when your trachea and bronchi, which are your airways, swell up and fill with mucus due to irritation. Your cough may persist for a few days or even weeks. It is the primary bronchitis symptom….
What is a Active cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT)? The Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT) is a physiotherapy technique used to clear mucus from the lungs, commonly for individuals with respiratory conditions like COPD or bronchiectasis. It consists of three main phases: breathing control, deep breathing exercises, and forced expiratory technique (huffing) to improve…
Introduction Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs, leading to increased strain on the heart. It can be caused by various factors, including heart disease, lung disease, chronic blood clots, or genetic mutations. There are two upper chambers and two lower chambers in a normal…
Dyspnea (Shortness of Breath) refers to a sensation of difficulty or discomfort in breathing. It can be caused by various conditions, including lung diseases (like asthma or COPD), heart problems, anxiety, or high-altitude exposure. The severity ranges from mild to severe and may be acute or chronic. Proper diagnosis and management depend on identifying the…
Spirometry is a common pulmonary function test used to assess lung function by measuring the volume and speed of air a person can inhale and exhale. It is widely used to diagnose and monitor respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other lung disorders. The test involves breathing forcefully into a…
Rheumatoid Arthritis Rashes: What is it? Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Rashes are skin manifestations that can occur in individuals with RA, an autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the joints. These rashes may result from inflammation of blood vessels (vasculitis), medication side effects, or immune system activity. An autoimmune condition known as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) occurs when the…
