The lumbar spine examination is a structured assessment used to evaluate lower back function, mobility, strength, and potential sources of pain. It typically includes observation, palpation, range of motion testing, neurological assessment, and special tests to identify conditions such as disc herniation, spinal stenosis, or muscle imbalances. A thorough examination helps guide diagnosis and treatment…
What is an Elbow Examination? The elbow examination is a systematic assessment used to evaluate the function, stability, and integrity of the elbow joint. It involves observation, palpation, range of motion testing, and specific maneuvers to assess the bones, ligaments, muscles, and neurovascular structures. Key components include observing for deformities, swelling, or erythema, assessing active…
What is the Alexander Technique? The Alexander Technique is an alternative therapy founded on the idea that bad posture leads to several health issues. It is named after its creator, Frederick Matthias Alexander (1869–1955). The American National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health categorizes it as a “psychological and physical” complementary approach to health when…
Phalen’s Test is a clinical examination test used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome. The patient flexes both wrists and presses the backs of their hands together for 30-60 seconds. A positive test reproduces symptoms like tingling, numbness, or pain in the median nerve distribution, indicating possible median nerve compression at the wrist. The Phalen’s test:…
A wrist and hand examination involves a detailed assessment of the anatomical structures, function, and range of motion of the wrist, hand, and fingers. It includes inspection, palpation, evaluation of joint movements, strength testing, and special tests to identify conditions such as fractures, tendon injuries, carpal tunnel syndrome, arthritis, and other musculoskeletal or neurological disorders….
What is a Cervical Spine Examination? A cervical spine examination assesses the neck region’s structure and function, focusing on posture, alignment, range of motion, and potential sources of pain or dysfunction. The examination involves inspection, palpation, movement assessment, and neurological testing, including motor, sensory, and reflex evaluations of the upper limbs. It is essential for…
What is a Spine Examination? A spine examination is a systematic assessment of the spinal column, including the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions. It involves evaluating posture, alignment, range of motion, and identifying any deformities or asymmetries. The examination typically includes inspection, palpation, assessment of movement, and neurological testing to assess motor, sensory,…
Introduction The ankle and foot examination is a critical component of musculoskeletal assessment, focusing on evaluating the structure, function, and integrity of the bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, and surrounding soft tissues. A systematic approach typically includes inspection, palpation, range of motion assessment, strength testing, and special tests to identify conditions such as fractures, sprains, tendonitis,…
What is a Knee Examination? A knee examination is a systematic assessment used to evaluate knee function, stability, and potential pathology. It typically includes inspection, palpation, range of motion testing, and special tests to assess ligaments, menisci, and joint integrity. The femur, tibia, and patella are the three bones of the knee joint, a synovial…
