Introduction The pubofemoral ligament is a strong, triangular ligament located on the anterior side of the hip joint. It connects the pubic bone to the femur and helps prevent excessive hip abduction and extension, providing stability to the joint. Pain, stiffness, and trouble moving can also be symptoms of pubofemoral ligament injuries. Complete recovery requires…
Introduction The iliofemoral ligament, also known as the Y-ligament of Bigelow, is a strong, triangular ligament that connects the ilium to the femur. It is located at the front of the hip joint and plays a crucial role in stabilizing the hip by preventing hyperextension. Its unique Y-shaped structure provides significant support during standing and…
Introduction The annular ligament is a strong, circular band of fibrous tissue that wraps around the head of the radius, securing it to the ulna at the proximal radioulnar joint. It allows the radius to rotate smoothly during forearm movements like pronation and supination while maintaining joint stability. The annular ligament is made of thick…
Introduction The radial collateral ligament (RCL) is a strong, fibrous band located on the lateral side of the elbow joint. It connects the lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the annular ligament, providing stability to the outer elbow and supporting the joint during activities involving arm movement. It primarily resists excessive varus forces, preventing the…
Introduction The Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) is one of the four major ligaments in the knee, located at the back of the joint. It connects the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone) and primarily functions to prevent the tibia from moving too far backward. The PCL provides stability to the knee, especially during…
Introduction The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a key ligament located in the knee joint, connecting the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone). It provides stability by preventing excessive forward movement of the tibia and controlling rotational forces. ACL injuries, often caused by sudden stops, changes in direction, or direct impact, are common…
Introduction The Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) is a band of tissue located on the inner side of the knee, connecting the femur (thigh bone) to the tibia (shin bone). It provides stability by preventing excessive inward movement of the knee joint. MCL injuries can range from minor sprains to full tears and can be caused…
Introduction The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is a strong band of tissue located on the inner side of the elbow, connecting the humerus (upper arm bone) to the ulna (one of the forearm bones). It provides stability to the elbow joint, particularly during activities involving throwing or overhead motions. UCL injuries are common in athletes,…
The Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) is a key stabilizer of the knee joint, located on the outer side. It connects the femur (thigh bone) to the fibula (the smaller bone of the lower leg) and provides stability by preventing excessive side-to-side movement. Injuries to the LCL often occur due to direct impact or excessive stress…
Introduction The proximal tibiofibular joint is a synovial joint located between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. It plays a key role in stabilizing the lower leg and allowing slight movement to accommodate ankle motion. Although it contributes minimally to knee movement, it helps distribute forces during activities like…
