Introduction The trochlear nerve, or fourth cranial nerve (CN IV), acts as one of the ocular motor nerves that regulate eye movement. As the only cranial nerve with a dorsal outflow from the brainstem, the trochlear nerve, despite being the smallest, has the longest intracranial path. It starts in the midbrain and travels laterally and…
Exercises for Hip osteoarthritis play a crucial role in managing hip pain by improving joint flexibility, strength, and function, as well as reducing pain and inflammation. Hip osteoarthritis is a common condition characterized by the degeneration of cartilage in the hip joint, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. What is Hip Osteoarthritis? Degenerative diseases…
Axillary nerve injury results in a condition that occurs when the axillary nerve is damaged. The axillary nerve is a nerve that runs from the upper back down the arm to the shoulder. The axillary nerve originates in the shoulder region from the brachial plexus. It supplies sensation to the skin across the shoulder and upper…
Joints help as the connection points between the bones in your body, enabling movement in your skeleton. These joints contain the shoulders, hips, elbows, and knees. Joint pain may manifest as pain, aches, or soreness in any of these bodily joints, a prevalent issue. On some occasions, joint pain may arise from a disease or…
Wrist pain frequently results from sudden injuries like sprains and fractures, but can also be caused by chronic conditions such as stress, arthritis, and carpal tunnel syndrome. Diagnosing the exact origin of wrist pain can be challenging due to the multiple possible factors involved. However, obtaining an accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment and…
What is a Supraspinatus Tendonitis? Supraspinatus tendonitis, also known as rotator cuff tendonitis, is a common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. It involves inflammation of the supraspinatus tendon, which is one of the four tendons that comprise the rotator cuff. A common shoulder problem is supraspinatus tendonitis, which has been also referred to as…
Musculocutaneous Nerve Injury can result from various traumatic events, including direct trauma, compression, stretching, or iatrogenic causes such as surgical procedures. Depending on the severity and location of the injury, individuals may experience a range of symptoms, including weakness, sensory disturbances, and loss of motor function in the affected muscles. The musculocutaneous nerve is the…
Introduction The optic nerve is the second cranial nerve (CN II) that transmits visual information. The optic nerve has only afferent (sensory) fibres and, like all cranial nerves, is paired. During embryogenesis, the optic nerve develops in the retina, exits the orbit via the optic canal, and travels throughout the central nervous system. The optic…
What is a Hamstring Muscle Pain? Hamstring muscle pain refers to discomfort or soreness in the muscles located at the back of the thigh, known as the hamstrings. These muscles play a crucial role in various leg movements, including walking, running, and bending the knee. Hamstring injuries and pain are common, especially among athletes and…
Brachial plexus injury refers to damage to the network of nerves that runs from the spinal cord to the hand, arm, and shoulder. The brachial plexus is the network of nerves that runs from the spinal cord to the hand, arm, and shoulder. The brachial plexus is harmed when these nerves are strained, compressed, or…
