What is an Atelectasis? Atelectasis is a condition in which a portion of the lung collapses or fails to inflate properly, leading to reduced gas exchange. It commonly occurs due to airway obstruction, pressure on the lung, or shallow breathing, often after surgery or in individuals with underlying lung conditions. Although it normally only involves…
What is a Lateral Ankle Sprain? A lateral ankle sprain occurs when the ligaments on the outer side of the ankle are overstretched or torn, typically due to a sudden twist, roll, or damage. It is one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries, often seen in sports or activities involving quick changes in direction. Ankle…
What is an Episodic Ataxia? Episodic ataxia (EA) is a neurological disorder that affects movement. At least eight varieties have been identified, all of which are hereditary but can vary in their symptoms and onset ages. Less than 0.001 percent of people have EA, making it uncommon. Episodes of ataxia, or poor balance and/or coordination,…
Introduction: The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is a key stabilizing ligament on the inner side of the elbow, connecting the humerus to the ulna. UCL injuries often occur due to repetitive stress from overhead motions, commonly seen in athletes like baseball pitchers and javelin throwers. An internal elbow injury is caused by damage to the…
What is Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury? The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) prevents the tibia from shifting rearward concerning the femur is the PCL’s function. PCL injuries rarely happen alone, although they frequently coexist with other knee components (meniscus, ligaments). Every year, there are about two PCL injuries for every 100,000 people. A stretch to a…
What is a Achillis Tendon Rupture? An Achilles tendon rupture is a complete or partial tear of the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. It often occurs during activities that involve sudden acceleration, jumping, or pivoting. The most frequent tendon rupture in the lower limb is the Achilles tendon. Adults…
Introduction: An Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is a common knee injury that occurs when the ACL, one of the major ligaments in the knee, is overstretched or torn. The knee joint is stabilized by the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), one of two cruciate ligaments. Originating from the anteromedial aspect of the intercondylar region of…
Spinocerebellar Ataxia: What is it? Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA) is a group of genetic, progressive neurological disorders that affect the cerebellum, leading to impaired coordination, balance, and speech. Symptoms often include unsteady gait, difficulty with fine motor tasks, and slurred speech. Ataxia is a degenerative disorder affecting the neurological system. It causes difficulty with coordination and…
What is a Chronic Bronchitis? Chronic bronchitis (CB) is a persistent cough and sputum production that lasts for at least three months out of the year for two years in a row. A form of COPD called chronic bronchitis causes your lungs to become inflamed and fill with mucus. Although chronic bronchitis cannot be completely…
Introduction The anterior longitudinal ligament is a robust band of connective tissue that runs down the front of the spinal column’s vertebral bodies. It prevents excessive movement and protects against injury by stabilizing and supporting the spine. The ligament is a vital part of the spinal column and is essential to keeping the spine in…
