Progressive Muscle Relaxation
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Jacobson’s Relaxation Technique

Jacobson’s relaxation technique also known as progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), is a method for releasing tension in the muscle and, as a result, reducing stress and anxiety. It’s common to experience stress occasionally. However, if the stress increases or persists for an extended period, it suggests that the person may be carrying the tension in…

kernig sign
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Kernig’s Sign

What is Kernig’s Sign? Kernig’s sign is a clinical test for meningeal irritation, often seen in meningitis. It is positive when extending the knee from a flexed hip position causes pain or resistance in the hamstrings, suggesting meningeal inflammation. To check for meningeal irritation, it is frequently evaluated along with Brudzinski’s sign. Purpose The Kernig’s…

Temple-fay-
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Temple Fay Technique: A Progressive Pattern Movement

What is Temple Fay Technique? The Temple Fay Technique is a neurodevelopmental approach that uses progressive pattern movements to facilitate brain organization and motor development. It is based on the idea that reenacting early movement patterns can help individuals with neurological impairments improve coordination and function. American neurosurgeon and neurologist Temple Fay is most recognized…

Brudzinski Sign
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Brudzinski Sign

What is Brudzinski Sign? Brudzinski’s sign is a clinical test used to assess meningeal irritation, commonly seen in meningitis. It is positive when passive flexion of the neck causes involuntary flexion of the hips and knees, indicating possible meningeal inflammation. The doctor Józef Brudziński, who initially characterized it in the early 1900s, is remembered by…

Sudeck's Atrophy (Complex Regional Pain Syndrome)
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Sudeck’s Atrophy (Complex Regional Pain Syndrome)

Introduction Causes for Sudeck’s atrophy Pathophysiology Though the exact mechanisms are still unclear, a number of elements are thought to have been a role in its formation. Sign and Symptoms of sudeck’s atrophy Stages of CRPS syndrome Diagnosis The following are the diagnostic standards for complex regional pain syndrome I (RSDS) as listed by the…

Bone Cancer
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Bone Cancer

Bone cancer is a rare disease that occurs when cells in the bone begin to grow out of control. It can develop in any bone but most commonly affects the long bones of the arms and legs. The main types include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma. Introduction Types of Bone Cancer Primary Bone Cancer Cancer…

Bone-pain
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Bone Pain

Bone pain refers to discomfort or aching sensations that originate from the bones. It can result from various causes, including injuries (like fractures), medical conditions (such as osteoporosis, arthritis, or bone infections), or certain cancers. Unlike muscle or joint pain, bone pain is often deeper, sharper, or more intense and may persist even at rest….

Biceps muscle pain
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Biceps Muscle Pain

What is a Biceps Muscle Pain? Biceps muscle pain can manifest in a variety of ways, depending on the underlying cause. It is a common condition that can affect people of all activity levels. The biceps brachii, located at the front of the upper arm, plays a key role in arm movement, particularly in bending…

Quadriceps-muscle-pain
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Quadriceps Muscle Pain

Quadriceps muscle pain can be caused by numerous factors, such as overuse, strain, direct trauma, muscular imbalances, and underlying medical disorders. Athletes are more prone to quadriceps muscle injuries, especially those participating in sports that need fast direction changes or repetitive leg motions. Introduction Anatomy The quadriceps muscles group comprises four muscles: Rectus femoris: is the…