Introduction The calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) is a strong, fibrous band located on the lateral side of the ankle. It connects the fibula to the calcaneus (heel bone) and provides stability by preventing excessive inversion of the foot. It is commonly injured in ankle sprains, particularly in combination with the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL). Like the…
Introduction Hives, which are a skin rash that can be very itchy, often occur due to an allergic reaction to food or something you have come into contact with. Hives can be acute, resolving quickly, or chronic, persisting for a long time. Therapies may consist of steroids or antihistamines. Usually, hives manifest as an allergic…
Introduction A Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) injury involves a sprain or tear of the ligament on the outer side of the knee, connecting the femur to the fibula. It often results from a direct blow to the inner knee or excessive stress during activities involving sudden changes in direction. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and instability…
A Bruises, also known as ecchymosis, is a common skin discoloration caused by bleeding beneath the skin due to trauma or injury. It typically appears as a purplish, blue, or black mark that changes color as it heals. Bruises may be tender to the touch and often resolve within one to two weeks without treatment….
Introduction: Ankle sprains are common injuries that occur when the ligaments supporting the ankle stretch or tear, often due to sudden twists or rolls. Proper rehabilitation exercises can help restore strength, flexibility, and stability, promoting faster recovery and reducing the risk of future injuries. Following a sprain injury, performing gradual, planned Exercises For Ankle Sprain…
Introduction The posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) is a strong, fibrous band that runs along the back (posterior) of the vertebral bodies inside the spinal canal. It extends from the cervical spine to the sacrum, providing support and stability to the spine while preventing excessive spinal flexion. The PLL also helps protect the spinal cord and nerves….
Definition: A medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury occurs when the ligament on the inside of the knee is over-stretched, partially torn, or torn completely. It is mostly caused by a valgus force on the knee and is among the most frequent knee injuries. What is a Medial Collateral Ligament Injury? Your MCL and the other…
What is a Skin Tightness? If your skin feels tight, it may indicate dryness due to low humidity or frequent washing with severe antiseptics. If your skin feels tight, it is probably too dry. Many individuals experience skin tightness, which can occur for various reasons. As your body ages, wrinkles, roughness naturally develop. The skin…
Introduction Spinal ligaments are strong, fibrous tissues that connect bones and provide stability to the spine. They help maintain proper alignment, support movement, and prevent excessive motion that could lead to injury. Key spinal ligaments include the anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL), posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL), ligamentum flavum, interspinous ligaments, supraspinous ligament, and facet capsular ligaments….
Introduction The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that branch from the brain and spinal cord. These nerves connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body. The peripheral neural system is further separated into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The somatic nervous system is made up of nerves that…
